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Victoria died in 1901 at Osborne House on the Isle of Wight, at the age of 81. Her Golden and Diamond jubilees were times of public celebration. As a result of her seclusion, British republicanism temporarily gained strength, but in the latter half of her reign, her popularity recovered. After Albert's death in 1861, Victoria plunged into deep mourning and avoided public appearances. Their nine children married into royal and noble families across the continent, earning Victoria the sobriquet " grandmother of Europe". Victoria married her first cousin, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, in 1840. Victoria, a constitutional monarch, attempted privately to influence government policy and ministerial appointments publicly, she became a national icon who was identified with strict standards of personal morality. She inherited the throne aged 18 after her father's three elder brothers died without surviving legitimate issue. After the deaths of her father and grandfather in 1820, she was raised under close supervision by her mother and her comptroller, John Conroy. Victoria was the daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn (the fourth son of King George III), and Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. In 1876, the British Parliament voted to grant her the additional title of Empress of India. It was a period of industrial, political, scientific, and military change within the United Kingdom, and was marked by a great expansion of the British Empire. Her reign of 63 years and 216 days, which was longer than those of any of her predecessors, is known as the Victorian era. Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death in 1901. Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn.Helena, Princess Christian of Schleswig-Holstein.Alice, Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine.She earned the nickname not for her grandchildren but for her own contributions to European political institutions. Louise Weiss (1893–1983) was a French author and a European Union politician.At the outbreak of the First World War, her grandchildren occupied the thrones of both Germany and the United Kingdom. She had nine children, who married with royal families throughout Europe. Queen Victoria (1819–1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom and Empress of India.Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily (1782–1866) was Queen-consort of the French king Louis Philippe I.She was the maternal grandmother of Napoleon III and the great-grandmother of several Swedish and Danish royals.
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Joséphine de Beauharnais (1763–1814) was Empress-consort of French Emperor Napoleon.Many of her children and grandchildren married many European royals and nobles. Maria Theresa (1717–1780), Empress of Austria, was the only female ruler of the Habsburg monarchy.Through her daughter she was the grandmother of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, the husband of Maria Theresa, and great-grandmother of Joseph II and Leopold II (both Holy Roman Emperors) and Marie Antoinette, the last Queen of France before the French Revolution. Elizabeth Charlotte, Madame Palatine (1652-1722), was the second wife of Philippe I, Duke of Orléans (younger brother of Louis XIV of France).Éléonore Desmier d'Olbreuse (1639–1722) was the wife of George William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and the maternal grandmother of George II of Great Britain.She earned the nickname because her descendants included royalty in England, France, Denmark, Castile, and Sicily, among other kingdoms. Eleanor of Aquitaine (1122–1204) was Queen-consort of France from 1137 to 1152, then of England from 1154 to 1189.